Iyini i-microalgae?

Ama-microalgae ngokuvamile abhekisela kuma-microorganisms aqukethe i-chlorophyll a futhi ekwazi ukwenza i-photosynthesis. Usayizi wabo ngamunye mncane futhi i-morphology yabo ingabonakala kuphela ngesibonakhulu.

Ama-Microalgae asatshalaliswa kabanzi emhlabeni, emachibini, olwandle nakwezinye izindawo zamanzi.

Kunezinhlobo ezilinganiselwa esigidini esisodwa zolwelwe emhlabeni wonke, kanti okwamanje kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-40000 ezaziwayo zama-microalgae.

Ama-microalgae ajwayelekile ezomnotho afaka i-Haematococcus pluvialis, i-Chlorella vulgaris, i-Spirulina, njll.

Yini engenziwa i-microalgae?

Uhudo

Ekukhiqizeni ukuhweba kwe-shellfish fry emnothweni wasolwandle, i-algae yasolwandle i-unicellular isetshenziswe njengesiyengo sezibungu ze-shellfish ezigabeni ezihlukene zokuthuthuka. Kuze kube manje, i-algae ephilayo yasolwandle e-unicellular ibilokhu ibhekwa njengokudla okungcono kakhulu kwezibungu ze-bivalve kanye nentsha.

Ukuhlanzwa kwemithombo yamanzi ye-aquaculture

Ngokukhuthazwa okuthuthukayo kwamamodeli ezolimo zasemanzini aqinile e-China, izikhungo eziningi zamanzi ze-aquaculture zisesimweni se-eutrophication unyaka wonke, futhi ukuqhakaza kwe-algal kuvame ukuvela. Njengolunye lwezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu ze-algal blooms, ulwelwe oluluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka lubeke imingcele ekuthuthukisweni okunempilo kwe-aquaculture. Izimbali ze-cyanobacteria zinezici zokusatshalaliswa okubanzi, ukuguquguquka okuqinile, namandla okuzala aqinile. Ukuqubuka kwe-cyanobacteria kudla inani elikhulu le-oxygen, okubangela ukwehla okusheshayo kokubonakala kwamanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inqubo ye-metabolic ye-algae eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka iphinde ikhiphe inani elikhulu lobuthi, okuthinta kakhulu ukukhula nokukhiqizwa kwezilwane zasemanzini.

I-Chlorella ingeye-Chlorophyta phylum futhi iyi-algae eneseli elilodwa elinokusabalalisa okubanzi kwemvelo. I-Chlorella ayisebenzi nje kuphela njengesiyengo semvelo esihle kakhulu sezilwane zezomnotho zasemanzini, kodwa futhi idonsa izakhi ezifana ne-nitrogen ne-phosphorus emanzini, inciphise amazinga e-eutrophication futhi ihlanze ikhwalithi yamanzi. Njengamanje, izifundo eziningi zokwelashwa kwamanzi angcolile ngama-microalgae zibonise ukuthi ama-microalgae anemiphumela emihle yokukhipha i-nitrogen ne-phosphorus. Kodwa-ke, i-algae eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ebeka usongo olukhulu e-aquaculture, iyimikhiqizo ye-phosphorus ne-nitrogen ephezulu emanzini. Ngakho-ke, ukusebenzisa i-microalgae ukususa ulwelwe oluluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kunikeza indlela entsha yemvelo nephephile yokwelapha ukuqhakaza kwe-algae eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Imiphumela yokuhlola ibonisa ukuthi i-Chlorella vulgaris ingasusa ngempumelelo imisoco efana ne-nitrogen ne-phosphorus emanzini. Ngakho-ke, umthombo womsoco we-algae eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka unqunywa ngokuyisisekelo emanzini e-aquaculture, uwagcine esezingeni eliphansi futhi uvimbele ukuqubuka kwawo. Ukwengeza, kungenzeka ukwandisa ukungena kwamanzi emizimbeni yamanzi ye-aquaculture futhi kugcinwe ukukhululwa kwe-algae encane emanzini asemanzini e-aquaculture, ekugcineni kwenze ulwelwe oluncane lube uhlobo olunenzuzo yokuncintisana emithonjeni yamanzi ye-aquaculture, ngaleyo ndlela kuvinjwe ukuvela kwezimbali ze-algae eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Ngokombono wendawo yemvelo kanye nokuthuthukiswa okunempilo kwemboni yasemanzini, ukusebenzisa ukuncintisana kolwelwe oluzuzisayo ukucindezela ukuqhakaza kwe-algae eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuyindlela ethembisa kakhulu yokulawula ulwelwe. Nokho, ucwaningo lwamanje alukakapheleli. Kubunjiniyela obusebenzayo bokulawula ukuqhakaza kwe-algae eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ukukhetha okuphelele kwezindlela ezingokomzimba, zamakhemikhali, nezebhayoloji kanye nokuzivumelanisa nezimo zendawo kuyisinqumo esingcono kakhulu.

Ukongiwa kwamandla kanye nokunciphisa ukungcola

Kusukela kuNguquko Yezimboni, abantu bakhiphe inani elikhulu le-CO2 emkhathini, okubangela ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke. Ama-Microalgae ane-photosynthetic ephezulu esebenza kahle, esebenzisa i-photosynthesis ukulungisa ikhabhoni futhi akhiqize izinto eziphilayo, okunciphisa umphumela we-greenhouse.

Imikhiqizo yezempilo kanye nokudla okusebenzayo: amaphilisi, izimpushana, izithasiselo

I-Chlorella vulgaris

I-Chlorella inomphumela obalulekile wokukhuthaza ekwelapheni izifo eziningi kanye nezimpawu ezingaphansi kwezempilo, okuhlanganisa izilonda zesisu, ukuhlukumezeka, ukuqunjelwa, i-anemia, njll. Ukukhishwa kwamanzi kwe-Chlorella vulgaris kunezici ezicacile zokukhuthaza ukukhula kwamangqamuzana, ngakho-ke kuqanjwe ngokuthi i-Chlorella Growth. Isici (CGF). Ucwaningo lwakamuva luye lwabonisa ukuthi i-CGF inamandla okuthuthukisa ukungatheleleki, ukuqeda izinsimbi ezinzima emzimbeni womuntu, nokunciphisa ushukela wegazi nomfutho wegazi. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi i-Chlorella vulgaris nayo inemiphumela eminingi efana ne-anti-tumor, i-antioxidant, ne-anti radiation. Ukusetshenziswa kokukhishwa kwamanzi e-Chlorella emkhakheni wezokwelapha kungase kube enye yezinkomba ezibalulekile zocwaningo oluzayo kanye nezicelo zezimboni.

I-Spirulina (Spirulina)

I-Spirulina ayinabo ubuthi futhi ayinabungozi, futhi ibisetshenziswa njengokudla kwabomdabu eduze neLake Texcoco eMexico yasendulo naseLake Chad e-Afrika. I-Spirulina inemiphumela ehlukahlukene empilweni yabantu, njengokwehlisa i-lipids yegazi, i-cholesterol, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ukulwa nomdlavuza, nokukhuthaza ukukhula kwamabhaktheriya anenzuzo emathunjini. Inomphumela othile wokwelapha isifo sikashukela kanye nokwehluleka kwezinso.