Ukutholwa kwe-Microalgae Extracellular Vesicles

Ama-extracellular vesicle angama-endogenous nano-size vesicles akhiqizwa amaseli, asukela ku-30–200 nm ububanzi ambozwe ulwelwesi lwe-lipid bilayer, oluthwala ama-nucleic acid, amaprotheni, ama-lipids nama-metabolites, njll. Ama-vesicle angaphandle angamathuluzi ayinhloko okuxhumana phakathi kwamaseli, ezibandakanyeka ekushintshaneni kwezinto phakathi kwamaseli. Ama-extracellular vesicles angakwazi ukukhishwa amaseli ahlukahlukene ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile kanye nezimo ze-pathological, ezivela ikakhulukazi kuma-polyvesicles akhiwe yizinhlayiya ze-intracellular lysosomal futhi akhishwe ku-matrix engaphandle kweseli ngemva kokuhlanganiswa kwe-extracellular membrane kanye nolwelwesi lwamaseli lwama-polyvesicles. Ngenxa yokuzivikela komzimba okuphansi, imiphumela engeyona enobuthi, ukukhomba okuqinile, amandla okuwela umgoqo wobuchopho begazi nezinye izici, kuye kwathathwa njengento engaba umthwali wezidakamizwa. Ngo-2013, iNobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine yaklonyeliswa kososayensi abathathu abahlobene nocwaningo lwama-vesicle angaphandle. Kusukela lapho, imibuthano yezemfundo neyezimboni iye yaqala ukwanda kocwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kwama-extracellular vesicles, ukusetshenziswa kanye nokuhweba.

Ama-vesicles e-extracellular avela kumaseli ezitshalo anothe ezingxenyeni ezihlukile ezisebenzayo, ezincane ngosayizi futhi akwazi ukungena kwezicubu. Iningi lazo lingathathwa futhi lingene ngqo emathunjini. Isibonelo, ama-ginseng vesicles asiza ekuhlukaniseni ama-stem cells abe amangqamuzana ezinzwa, futhi ama-ginger vesicles angakwazi ukulawula izitshalo zamathumbu futhi anciphise ukuqunjelwa. I-Microalgae yizitshalo ezindala ezineseli elilodwa emhlabeni. Cishe zingu-300,000 izinhlobo ze-microalgae ezisatshalaliswa kabanzi olwandle, amachibi, imifula, izingwadule, amathafa, izinguzunga zeqhwa nakwezinye izindawo, ezinezici zesifunda ezihlukile. Ngesikhathi sokuvela koMhlaba oyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezi-3, ama-microalgae abelokhu ekwazi ukukhula njengamangqamuzana awodwa eMhlabeni, angenakuhlukaniswa nokukhula kwawo okungavamile kanye nekhono lokuzilungisa.

Ama-Microalgal extracellular vesicles ayizinto ezintsha ezisebenzayo ze-biomedical ezinokuphepha okuphezulu nokuzinza. I-Microalgae inezinzuzo eziningi ekukhiqizeni ama-vesicles angaphandle, njengenqubo yesiko elula, elawulekayo, eshibhile, ukukhula okusheshayo, ukuphuma okuphezulu kwama-vesicles futhi kulula ukwakhiwa. Ezifundweni zangaphambilini, ama-microalgal extracellular vesicles atholwe afakwa kalula ngaphakathi ngamaseli. Emamodeli ezilwane, atholakala ukuthi amuncwa ngokuqondile emathunjini futhi acetshiswe ezicutshini ezithile. Ngemva kokungena ku-cytoplasm, ingahlala izinsuku ezimbalwa, okuhambisana nokukhululwa kwezidakamizwa okuhlala isikhathi eside.

Ukwengeza, ama-microalgal extracellular vesicles kulindeleke ukuthi alayishe izinhlobonhlobo zezidakamizwa, ezithuthukisa ukuzinza kwama-molecule, ukukhululwa kancane, ukuguquguquka komlomo, njll., ukuxazulula izithiyo ezikhona zokuphatha izidakamizwa. Ngakho-ke, ukuthuthukiswa kwama-microalgae extracellular vesicles kungenzeka kakhulu ekuguqulweni komtholampilo kanye nezimboni.