Yintoni i-microalgae?

I-Microalgae idla ngokubhekisa kwiimicroorganisms ezinechlorophyll a kwaye ziyakwazi ukwenza iphotosynthesis. Ubungakanani babo bomntu buncinci kwaye i-morphology yabo inokuchongwa kuphela phantsi kwe-microscope.

I-Microalgae isasazwe ngokubanzi emhlabeni, amachibi, iilwandle, kunye neminye imithombo yamanzi.

Kukho malunga ne-1 yezigidi zeentlobo ze-algae kwihlabathi jikelele, ngelixa kukho kuphela ngaphezu kwe-40000 yeentlobo ezaziwayo ze-microalgae.

I-microalgae yezoqoqosho eqhelekileyo ibandakanya i-Haematococcus pluvialis, i-Chlorella vulgaris, i-Spirulina, njl.

Yintoni enokuyenza i-microalgae?

Isithiyelo

Kwimveliso yorhwebo ye-shellfish fry kuqoqosho lwaselwandle, i-algae yaselwandle i-unicellular isetyenziswe njenge-bait ye-shellfish lervae kwizigaba ezahlukeneyo zophuhliso. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, i-algae ephilayo yaselwandle i-unicellular isoloko ithathwa njengeyona nto ilungileyo yokutsala imibungu ye-bivalve kunye nabantwana.

Ukuhlanjululwa kwemithombo yamanzi ye-aquaculture

Ngenkuthazo enzulu yeemodeli zeaquaculture e-China, uninzi lweendawo zamanzi ezihlala emanzini zikwimo ye-eutrophication unyaka wonke, kwaye ukuqhakaza kwe-algal kuyenzeka rhoqo. Njengolunye lwezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo zeentyantyambo ze-algal, i-algae eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ithintele kakhulu ukukhula okunempilo kwe-aquaculture. Iintyatyambo zeCyanobacteria zineempawu zokusasazwa okubanzi, ukuguquguquka okuqinileyo, kunye namandla anamandla okuzala. Ukuqhambuka kweCyanobacteria kudla isixa esikhulu seoksijini, okubangela ukuncipha ngokukhawuleza kokucaca kwamanzi. Ukongeza, inkqubo yemetabolism ye-algae eluhlaza-luhlaza ikwakhupha inani elikhulu leetyhefu, ezichaphazela kakhulu ukukhula kunye nokuzala kwezilwanyana zasemanzini.

I-Chlorella yeye-Chlorophyta phylum kwaye yi-algae eneseli enye kunye nokusabalalisa okubanzi kwendalo. I-Chlorella ayisebenzi nje njengesithiyelo sendalo esigqwesileyo kwizilwanyana zasemanzini zoqoqosho, kodwa iphinda ifunxe izinto ezifana nenitrogen kunye nephosphorus emanzini, ukunciphisa amanqanaba e-eutrophication kunye nokucoca umgangatho wamanzi. Okwangoku, izifundo ezininzi malunga nokunyangwa kwamanzi amdaka ngama-microalgae abonise ukuba i-microalgae ineziphumo ezilungileyo zokususa i-nitrogen kunye ne-phosphorus. Nangona kunjalo, i-algae eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ebeka ingozi enkulu kwi-aquaculture, yimveliso ye-phosphorus ephezulu kunye ne-nitrogen emanzini. Ke ngoko, ukusebenzisa i-microalgae ukususa i-algae eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kubonelela ngendalo kunye nekhuselekileyo indlela entsha yokunyanga iintyatyambo ze-algae eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Iziphumo zovavanyo zibonisa ukuba i-Chlorella vulgaris inokususa ngokufanelekileyo izondlo ezifana ne-nitrogen kunye ne-phosphorus emanzini. Ke, umthombo wezondlo we-algae eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka unqunyulwe ngokusisiseko emanzini e-aquaculture, uwagcine kwinqanaba elisezantsi kwaye uthintele ukuqhambuka kwawo. Ukongeza, kunokwenzeka ukunyusa i-aeration yemithombo yamanzi ye-aquaculture kunye nokugcina ukukhululwa kwe-algae encinci kwi-aquaculture water body, ekugqibeleni yenza i-algae encinci ibe yintlobo yenzuzo ekhuphisanayo kwiindawo zamanzi ze-aquaculture, ngaloo ndlela inqanda ukwenzeka kwe-blue-green algae blooms.

Ngokwembono yendalo esingqongileyo kunye nophuhliso olusempilweni lweshishini lasemanzini, ukusebenzisa ukhuphiswano lwe-algae olunenzuzo ukucinezela ukuqhakaza kwe-algae eluhlaza yeyona ndlela ithembisayo yolawulo lwe-algae. Nangona kunjalo, uphando lwangoku alukafezeki. Kubunjineli obusebenzayo bokulawula iintyatyambo ze-algae eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ukhetho olubanzi lweendlela zomzimba, iikhemikhali, kunye nebhayoloji kunye nokuziqhelanisa neemeko zasekhaya lolona khetho lungcono.

Ukugcinwa kwamandla kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa

Ukusukela kwi-Industrial Revolution, abantu bakhuphe isixa esikhulu se-CO2 emoyeni, nto leyo ebangela ukufudumala kwehlabathi. I-Microalgae inefuthe eliphezulu le-photosynthetic, isebenzisa i-photosynthesis ukulungisa i-carbon kunye nokuvelisa izinto eziphilayo, ezinciphisa umphumo we-greenhouse.

Iimveliso zempilo kunye nokutya okusebenzayo: iipilisi, iipowders, izongezo

Chlorella vulgaris

I-Chlorella inefuthe elibalulekileyo lokukhuthaza ukunyangwa kwezifo ezininzi kunye neempawu ezingaphantsi kwezempilo, kubandakanywa izilonda zesisu, ukwenzakala, ukuqunjelwa, i-anemia, njl njl. I-Factor (CGF). Uphononongo lwamva luye lwabonisa ukuba i-CGF inamandla okuphucula ukungatheleleki, ukuphelisa isinyithi esinzima emzimbeni womntu, kunye neswekile yegazi esezantsi kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, uphando luye lwabonisa ngakumbi ukuba iChlorella vulgaris nayo ineempembelelo ezininzi ezifana ne-anti-tumor, i-antioxidant, kunye ne-anti radiation. Ukusetyenziswa kwesicatshulwa samanzi seChlorella kwintsimi yamachiza kunokuba yenye yeendlela ezibalulekileyo zophando lwexesha elizayo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezoshishino.

I-Spirulina (Spirulina)

I-Spirulina ayinayo ityhefu kwaye ayinabungozi, kwaye isetyenziswe njengokutya ngabantu bomthonyama kufutshane neLake Texcoco eMexico yamandulo kunye neLake Chad eAfrika. I-Spirulina ineempembelelo ezahlukeneyo kwimpilo yabantu, njengokunciphisa i-lipids yegazi, i-cholesterol, i-hypertension, i-anti-cancer, kunye nokukhuthaza ukukhula kweebhaktheriya ezincedo emathunjini. Inefuthe elithile lokunyanga isifo seswekile kunye nokusilela kwezintso.