I-Microalgae inokuguqula i-carbon dioxide kwi-exhaust gas kunye ne-nitrogen, i-phosphorus, kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolisa amanzi amdaka zibe yi-biomass ngokusebenzisa i-photosynthesis. Abaphandi banokutshabalalisa iiseli ze-microalgae kwaye bakhuphe izinto eziphilayo ezifana neoli kunye ne-carbohydrates kwiiseli, ezinokuthi zivelise ngakumbi amafutha acocekileyo afana ne-bio oil kunye ne-bio gas.
Ukukhutshwa kwekharbon diokside ngokugqithisileyo ngoyena nobangela wokutshintsha kwemozulu yehlabathi. Sinokuyinciphisa njani ikharbon diokside? Ngokomzekelo, ngaba ‘singayidla’? Ukungakhankanyi, i-microalgae encinci ine "ukutya okulungileyo" okunjalo, kwaye ayikwazi "ukutya" kuphela i-carbon dioxide, kodwa iphinde iguqule ibe "ioli".
Indlela yokuphumeza ukusetyenziswa okusebenzayo kwekhabhoni diokside ibe yinkxalabo ephambili kwizazinzulu kwihlabathi liphela, kwaye i-microalgae, le nto incinci yakudala, iye yaba ngumncedi olungileyo kuthi ukulungisa ikhabhoni kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwamandla okuguqula "ikhabhoni" ibe " oyile”.

I-microalgae encinci inokujika 'ikhabhoni' ibe 'yioyile'
Ikhono le-microalgae encinci yokuguqula i-carbon kwioli ihambelana nokubunjwa kwemizimba yabo. Ii-esters kunye neeswekile ezityebileyo kwi-microalgae zizixhobo ezigqwesileyo zokulungisa i-fuel fuels. Iqhutywa ngamandla elanga, i-microalgae inokwenza i-carbon dioxide ibe yi-triglycerides yamandla aphezulu, kwaye ezi molekyuli zeoyile azinakusetyenziswa kuphela ukuvelisa i-biodiesel, kodwa kunye nezixhobo ezibalulekileyo zokukhupha i-nutrient unsaturated fatty acids ezifana ne-EPA kunye ne-DHA.
Ukusebenza kwe-photosynthetic ye-microalgae okwangoku iphezulu kuzo zonke izinto eziphilayo eMhlabeni, amaxesha angama-10 ukuya kuma-50 aphezulu kunezityalo ezisemhlabeni. Kuqikelelwa ukuba i-microalgae ilungisa malunga ne-90 yeetoni zeebhiliyoni zekhabhoni kunye ne-1380 yeetriliyoni ze-megajoules zamandla ngokusebenzisa i-photosynthesis eMhlabeni minyaka yonke, kwaye amandla asebenzisekayo malunga ne-4-5 amaxesha okusetyenziswa kwamandla onyaka emhlabeni, kunye nesixa esikhulu semithombo.
Kuyaqondwa ukuba i-China ikhupha malunga ne-11 yeebhiliyoni zeetoni ze-carbon dioxide minyaka le, ngaphezu kwesiqingatha sayo yi-carbon dioxide ephuma kwi-coal-fired flue gas. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-microalgae ekuthathweni kwekhabhoni yephotosynthetic kumashishini ashishina ngamalahle anokunciphisa kakhulu ukukhutshwa kwekharbon diokside. Xa kuthelekiswa nobuchwepheshe bokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi yamalahle emveli, ukuhluthwa kwekhabhoni ye-microalgae kunye nokunciphisa itekhnoloji kunoncedo lwezixhobo zenkqubo ezilula, ukusebenza ngokulula, kunye nokukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo okuluhlaza. Ukongeza, i-microalgae nayo ineenzuzo zokuba nabemi abaninzi, kulula ukuyilima, kwaye ikwazi ukukhula kwiindawo ezinje ngolwandle, amachibi, umhlaba we-alkali enetyuwa, kunye nemigxobhozo.
Ngenxa yokukwazi ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekharbon dioxide kunye nokuvelisa amandla acocekileyo, i-microalgae ifumene ingqwalasela ebanzi ngaphakathi nangaphandle.
Nangona kunjalo, akulula ukwenza i-microalgae ekhula ngokukhululekile kwindalo ibe "ngabasebenzi abalungileyo" bokuhluthwa kwekhabhoni kwimizila yemizi-mveliso. Indlela yokulima i-algae ngokungeyomfuneko? Yeyiphi i-microalgae enesiphumo esingcono sokuhluthwa kwekhabhoni? Uyiphucula njani i-carbon sequestration ye-microalgae? Zonke ezi ziingxaki ezinzima ekufuneka izazinzulu zizicombulula.