Extracellular vesicles ndeye endogenous nano vesicles yakavanzwa nemasero, ane dhayamita ye30-200 nm, akaputirwa mu lipid bilayer membrane, akatakura nucleic acids, mapuroteni, lipids, uye metabolites. Extracellular vesicles ndicho chishandiso chikuru chekukurukurirana kwepakati uye kutora chikamu mukutsinhana kwezvinhu pakati pemasero. Extracellular vesicles inogona kuvanzwa nemasero akasiyana-siyana pasi pezvakajairwa uye pathological mamiriro, kunyanya inotorwa kubva pakuumbwa kwemultivesicular lysosomal particles mukati memasero. Mushure mekusanganiswa kweiyo extracellular membrane uye membrane yekunze yemaseru akawanda, anoburitswa muextracellular matrix. Nekuda kwekudzikira kwayo immunogenicity, isiri-chepfu mhedzisiro, yakasimba kunanga kugona, uye kugona kuyambuka ropa-brain barriers, inoonekwa seanogona kutakura zvinodhaka. Muna 2013, Mubairo weNobel muPhysiology kana Mushonga wakapihwa kune vatatu vesainzi vane chekuita nekudzidza kwemavhesi ekunze. Kubva ipapo, kwave nefungu rekutsvagisa, kushandisa, uye kushambadzira kweextracellular vesicles mune zvese zvedzidzo neindasitiri.

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Extracellular vesicles kubva kumaseru ezvirimwa akapfuma mune yakasarudzika inoshanda zvinhu, ane vhoriyamu diki, uye anogona kupinda mukati mematishu. Zvizhinji zvacho zvinogona kuiswa uye kunyudzwa zvakananga muura. Semuyenzaniso, ginseng mabhubhu anobatsira stem cell kusiyanisa mumasero etsinga, nepo ginger bubbles inogona kudzora gut microbiota uye kuderedza colitis. Microalgae ndiyo yekare yemiti ine celled paNyika. Kune angangoita 300000 marudzi e microalgae, akaparadzirwa zvakanyanya mumakungwa, madziva, nzizi, magwenga, mapani, glaciers nedzimwe nzvimbo, ane akasiyana matunhu hunhu. Munguva yese yekushanduka kwe 3 bhiriyoni Pasi, microalgae yagara ichikwanisa kubudirira sesero rimwe chete paPasi, iro rine hukama nekukura kwavo kunoshamisa uye kugona kuzvirapa.

Microalgae extracellular vesicles inyowani biomedical inoshanda zvinhu zvine kuchengetedzeka kwakanyanya uye kugadzikana. Microalgae ine zvakanakira nzira yekurima iri nyore uye inodzoreka, mutengo wakaderera, kukurumidza kukurumidza, goho rakakura, uye huinjiniya huri nyore mukugadzira maextracellular vesicles. Mune zvidzidzo zvekare, zvakaonekwa kuti microalgae extracellular vesicles inopinzwa nyore mukati nemasero. Mune mhando dzemhuka, zvakaonekwa kuti dzakabatwa zvakananga kuburikidza nemudumbu uye dzakafumiswa mune chaiyo tishu. Mushure mekupinda mu cytoplasm, inogona kugara kwemazuva akawanda, iyo inobatsira kusunungurwa kwenguva refu kwemishonga.

Pamusoro pezvo, microalgae extracellular vesicles ine mukana wekutakura zvinodhaka zvakawanda, kuvandudza kugadzikana kwemamorekuru, kuburitswa kwakasimba, kuchinjika kwemuromo, uye kugadzirisa zvipingamupinyi zviripo zvekuendesa zvinodhaka. Naizvozvo, kuvandudzwa kwemicroalgae extracellular vesicles kune mukana wepamusoro mukududzira kwekiriniki uye maindasitiri.