Microalgae ni iki?

Microalgae mubisanzwe yerekeza kuri mikorobe irimo chlorophyll a kandi ishobora gufotora. Ingano yabo kugiti cyabo ni nto kandi morphologie yabo irashobora kumenyekana gusa kuri microscope.

Microalgae ikwirakwizwa cyane mubutaka, ibiyaga, inyanja, nandi mazi.

Hafi y’amoko agera kuri miriyoni ya algae ku isi, mu gihe ubu hari amoko arenga 40000 azwi ya microalgae.

Microalgae isanzwe yubukungu harimo Haematococcus pluvialis, Chlorella vulgaris, Spirulina, nibindi.

Microalgae ishobora gukora iki?

Bait

Mubikorwa byubucuruzi byamafiriti yubukungu mubukungu bwinyanja, algae yo mu nyanja idasanzwe yakoreshejwe nk'inyambo ya liswi ya shellfish mubyiciro bitandukanye byiterambere. Kugeza ubu, algae nzima zo mu nyanja zama nantaryo zifatwa nk'igiti cyiza kuri bivalve na livre.

Isuku ry'amazi yo mu mazi

Hamwe nogutezimbere kwimiterere y’ubuhinzi bw’amafi mu Bushinwa, amazi menshi y’amazi yo mu mazi aba ameze neza mu mwaka wose, kandi amashurwe ya algal akunze kugaragara. Nka bumwe mu bwoko bukunze kumera bwa algal, algae yubururu-icyatsi kibisi byabujije cyane iterambere ryiza ry’amafi. Indabyo za Cyanobacteria zifite ibiranga gukwirakwiza kwinshi, guhuza n'imihindagurikire y'ikirere, n'ubushobozi bw'imyororokere bukomeye. Indwara ya Cyanobacteria itwara ogisijeni nyinshi, bigatuma igabanuka ryihuse ry’amazi. Byongeye kandi, inzira ya metabolike ya algae yubururu-icyatsi nayo irekura uburozi bwinshi, bigira ingaruka zikomeye kumikurire n’imyororokere y’inyamaswa zo mu mazi.

Chlorella ni iyitwa phylorum ya Chlorophyta kandi ni algae imwe imwe ifite selile nini ikwirakwiza ibidukikije. Chlorella ntabwo ikora nk'inyamanswa nziza ku nyamaswa zo mu mazi zo mu mazi, ahubwo ininjiza ibintu nka azote na fosifore mu mazi, bikagabanya urugero rwa eutrophasi no kweza ubwiza bw'amazi. Kugeza ubu, ubushakashatsi bwinshi ku bijyanye no gutunganya amazi y’amazi na microalgae bwerekanye ko microalgae igira ingaruka nziza zo gukuraho azote na fosifore. Nyamara, algae yubururu-icyatsi kibisi kibangamiye cyane ubworozi bw’amafi, ni ibicuruzwa bya fosifore nyinshi na azote mu mazi y’amazi. Kubwibyo, gukoresha microalgae kugirango ukureho algae yubururu-icyatsi bitanga uburyo bushya bwibidukikije kandi bwizewe bwo kuvura uburabyo bwatsi-icyatsi.

Ibisubizo byubushakashatsi byerekana ko Chlorella vulgaris ishobora gukuraho intungamubiri nka azote na fosifore mumazi. Rero, intungamubiri yintungamubiri yubururu-icyatsi kibisi yaciwe mumazi y’amafi yo mu mazi, akayakomeza ku rwego rwo hasi kandi akabuza kwandura. Byongeye kandi, birashoboka kongera ingufu z’amazi y’amazi yo mu mazi no gukomeza kurekura imyuka mito mu mazi y’amafi y’amafi, amaherezo bigatuma algae ntoya irwanya amoko y’amazi yo mu mazi, bityo bikabuza kubaho uburabyo bwa algae yubururu-icyatsi.

Duhereye ku bidukikije no guteza imbere ubuzima bwiza bw’inganda zo mu mazi, gukoresha amarushanwa ya algae yingirakamaro kugirango uhagarike uburabyo bwatsi-icyatsi kibisi nuburyo bwiza cyane bwo kurwanya algae. Nyamara, ubushakashatsi buriho ntabwo butunganye. Mubuhanga bufatika bwo kugenzura ubururu bwatsi-icyatsi kibisi, guhitamo byimazeyo uburyo bwumubiri, imiti, nibinyabuzima no guhuza nibihe byaho nibyo byiza.

Kubungabunga ingufu no kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya

Kuva Revolisiyo y’inganda, abantu bohereje CO2 nyinshi mu kirere, bituma ubushyuhe bw’isi. Microalgae ifite fotosintetike ikora neza, ikoresha fotosintezeza kugirango ikosore karubone kandi ikore ibintu kama, bidindiza ingaruka za parike.

Ibicuruzwa byubuzima nibiryo bikora: ibinini, ifu, inyongeramusaruro

Chlorella vulgaris

Chlorella igira uruhare runini mu gukiza indwara nyinshi n’ibimenyetso by’ubuzima, harimo ibisebe byo mu gifu, ihahamuka, impatwe, kubura amaraso, n'ibindi. Ikintu (CGF). Nyuma ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko CGF ifite ubushobozi bwo kongera ubudahangarwa, gukuraho ibyuma biremereye mumubiri wumuntu, no kugabanya isukari yamaraso hamwe n umuvuduko wamaraso. Mu myaka yashize, ubushakashatsi bwerekanye kandi ko Chlorella vulgaris nayo igira ingaruka nyinshi nka anti-tumor, antioxidant, na anti radiasiyo. Gushyira mu bikorwa amazi ya Chlorella mu murima wa farumasi birashobora kuba kimwe mubyerekezo byingenzi byubushakashatsi nibisabwa mu nganda.

Spirulina (Spirulina)

Spirulina ntabwo ari uburozi kandi ntacyo itwaye, kandi yakoreshejwe nkibiryo byabasangwabutaka hafi yikiyaga cya Texcoco muri Mexico ya kera na Lake Tchad muri Afrika. Spirulina igira ingaruka zitandukanye ku buzima bwabantu, nko kugabanya lipide yamaraso, cholesterol, hypertension, anti-kanseri, no guteza imbere imikurire ya bagiteri zifite akamaro mu mara. Ifite ingaruka zo kuvura diyabete no kunanirwa kw'impyiko.