Ma vesicles a extracellular ndi amkati nano vesicles otulutsidwa ndi maselo, okhala ndi mainchesi 30-200 nm, atakulungidwa mu membrane ya lipid bilayer, yonyamula ma nucleic acid, mapuloteni, lipids, ndi metabolites. Ma vesicles owonjezera ndiye chida chachikulu cholumikizirana pakati pa ma cell ndikuchita nawo kusinthanitsa zinthu pakati pa maselo. Ma vesicles owonjezera amatha kutulutsidwa ndi maselo osiyanasiyana pansi pazikhalidwe zachilendo komanso za pathological, makamaka zomwe zimachokera ku mapangidwe amitundu yambiri ya lysosomal particles mkati mwa maselo. Pambuyo pa kuphatikizika kwa nembanemba ya extracellular ndi nembanemba yakunja ya maselo ambiri, amamasulidwa ku matrix a extracellular. Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwake kwa chitetezo chamthupi, zotsatira zake zopanda poizoni, kuwongolera mwamphamvu, komanso kutha kuwoloka chotchinga chamagazi-muubongo, amaonedwa kuti ndi wonyamula mankhwala. Mu 2013, Mphotho ya Nobel mu Physiology kapena Medicine idaperekedwa kwa asayansi atatu omwe adachita nawo kafukufuku wa ma vesicles akunja. Kuyambira pamenepo, pakhala pali kafukufuku wambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito, komanso kugulitsa ma vesicles owonjezera m'maphunziro ndi mafakitale.

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Ma vesicles a extracellular kuchokera ku maselo a zomera ali ndi zinthu zapadera zomwe zimagwira ntchito, zimakhala ndi voliyumu yaying'ono, ndipo zimatha kulowa mu minofu. Ambiri a iwo akhoza kulowetsedwa ndikulowetsedwa mwachindunji m'matumbo. Mwachitsanzo, thovu la ginseng ndi lopindulitsa pakusiyanitsa kwa tsinde m'maselo a mitsempha, pomwe thovu la ginger limatha kuwongolera matumbo a microbiota ndikuchepetsa colitis. Microalgae ndi zomera zakale kwambiri padziko lapansi. Pali mitundu pafupifupi 300000 ya ma microalgae, omwe amapezeka kwambiri m'nyanja, nyanja, mitsinje, zipululu, mapiri, madzi oundana ndi malo ena, okhala ndi mawonekedwe apadera achigawo. Pachisinthiko chonse cha 3 biliyoni Padziko Lapansi, ma microalgae akhala akuyenda bwino ngati maselo amodzi Padziko Lapansi, omwe amagwirizana kwambiri ndi kukula kwawo kodabwitsa komanso mphamvu zodzichiritsa.

Ma Microalgae extracellular vesicles ndizinthu zatsopano zogwira ntchito zokhala ndi chitetezo komanso kukhazikika. Ma Microalgae ali ndi maubwino a njira yosavuta yolima, yotsika mtengo, kukula mwachangu, zokolola zambiri, komanso uinjiniya wosavuta popanga ma vesicles owonjezera. M'maphunziro am'mbuyomu, zidapezeka kuti ma microalgae extracellular vesicles amalowetsedwa mosavuta ndi maselo. M'zitsanzo za nyama, zidapezeka kuti zidalowetsedwa mwachindunji kudzera m'matumbo ndikulemeretsa m'magulu ena. Pambuyo polowa mu cytoplasm, imatha masiku angapo, zomwe zimakhala zopindulitsa kwa nthawi yayitali yotulutsa mankhwala.

Kuphatikiza apo, ma microalgae extracellular vesicles amatha kunyamula mankhwala angapo, kuwongolera kukhazikika kwa maselo, kumasulidwa kosalekeza, kusinthasintha kwapakamwa, ndikuthetsa zopinga zomwe zilipo kale. Chifukwa chake, kukula kwa ma microalgae extracellular vesicles kumakhala ndi kuthekera kwakukulu pakumasulira kwachipatala komanso kupanga mafakitale.