ʻO nā vesicles extracellular he mau nano vesicles endogenous i huna ʻia e nā cell, me ke anawaena o 30-200 nm, i ʻōwili ʻia i loko o kahi membrane bilayer lipid, e lawe ana i nā waikawa nucleic, nā protein, nā lipids, a me nā metabolites. ʻO nā vesicle extracellular ka mea hana nui no ka kamaʻilio intercellular a komo i ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā mea ma waena o nā cell. Hiki ke hūnā ʻia nā vesicle extracellular e nā ʻāpana like ʻole ma lalo o nā kūlana maʻamau a me nā pathological, ka mea nui i loaʻa mai ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o nā ʻāpana lysosomal multivesicular i loko o nā cell. Ma hope o ka hui ʻana o ka membrane extracellular a me ka membrane waho o nā cell multivesicular, hoʻokuʻu ʻia lākou i loko o ka matrix extracellular. Ma muli o kona immunogenicity haʻahaʻa, nā hopena ʻaoʻao non-toxic, hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia, a me ka hiki ke hele i ka pale koko-lolo, ua manaʻo ʻia he mea lawe lāʻau. Ma 2013, ua hāʻawi ʻia ka Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine i ʻekolu mau ʻepekema i komo i ke aʻo ʻana i nā vesicle waho. Mai ia manawa, aia ka nalu o ka noiʻi, noiʻi, a me ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā vesicle extracellular ma ka ʻoihana a me ka ʻoihana.

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Loaʻa nā vesicle extracellular mai nā mea kanu i nā mea hana kū hoʻokahi, he liʻiliʻi ka leo, a hiki ke komo i nā ʻiʻo. Hiki ke ʻai ʻia ka hapa nui o lākou a komo pololei i loko o ka ʻōpū. No ka laʻana, pono nā ʻōpū ginseng no ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā cell cell i loko o nā pūnaewele nerve, aʻo nā ʻōpala ginger hiki ke hoʻoponopono i ka microbiota gut a hoʻēmi i ka colitis. ʻO Microalgae ka mea kanu kahiko loa ma ka Honua. Aia ma kahi o 300000 mau ʻano microalgae, hoʻolaha nui ʻia i nā moana, nā loko, nā muliwai, nā wao nahele, nā pāpū, nā glaciers a me nā wahi ʻē aʻe, me nā ʻano ʻāpana kūʻokoʻa. I loko o ka ulu ʻana o ka Honua he 3 biliona, ua hiki i nā microalgae ke holomua ma ke ʻano he hoʻokahi cell ma ka Honua, kahi pili pili i ko lākou ulu ʻana a me ka hiki ke ho'ōla iā ia iho.

ʻO nā microalgae extracellular vesicles kahi mea hana biomedical hou me ka palekana kiʻekiʻe a me ke kūpaʻa. Loaʻa i ka Microalgae nā mea maikaʻi o ke kaʻina mahiʻai maʻalahi a hiki ke mālama ʻia, ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa, ka ulu wikiwiki, ka hua kiʻekiʻe o nā vesicle, a me ka ʻenehana maʻalahi i ka hana ʻana i nā vesicle extracellular. I nā haʻawina mua, ua ʻike ʻia ʻo nā microalgae extracellular vesicle e maʻalahi i loko o nā cell. I loko o nā hiʻohiʻona holoholona, ​​ua ʻike ʻia ua komo pololei lākou ma o ka ʻōpū a hoʻonui ʻia i nā kiko kikoʻī. Ma hope o ke komo ʻana i ka cytoplasm, hiki ke hoʻomau i nā lā he nui, he mea maikaʻi ia no ka hoʻokuʻu mau ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau.

Eia kekahi, hiki i nā microalgae extracellular vesicles ke hoʻouka i nā lāʻau lapaʻau he nui, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka paʻa molekala, hoʻokuʻu mau, hiki ke hoʻololi i ka waha, a hoʻoponopono i nā pale lawe lāʻau. No laila, hiki i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā microalgae extracellular vesicle i ka unuhi lapaʻau a me ka ʻoihana.